Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Raw Materials

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. The quality and performance of these products largely depend on the raw materials used in their manufacturing. Understanding the composition and properties of sanitary pad raw materials is crucial for both manufacturers and consumers.

## Main Components of Sanitary Pad Raw Materials

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Stock)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven polypropylene or polyethylene
– Perforated plastic film
– Cotton-like materials

Key properties:
– Soft and comfortable
– Quick-drying
– Hypoallergenic
– Allows liquid to pass through quickly

### 2. Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the most important functional component. It usually consists of:

– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Sometimes cotton or rayon fibers

Absorption characteristics:
– High liquid retention capacity
– Rapid absorption rate

– Good distribution of absorbed liquid
– Minimal rewet (keeps surface dry)

### 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet prevents leakage and is typically made from:

– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous films
– Sometimes fabric-like materials

Essential properties:
– Liquid-proof
– Flexible and durable
– May be breathable to reduce humidity
– Quiet (no crinkling sound)

### 4. Adhesives

Various adhesives are used in sanitary pads:

– Pressure-sensitive adhesive for wings
– Hot melt adhesive for layer bonding
– Skin-friendly adhesive for attachment to underwear

## Specialized Materials in Premium Sanitary Pads

### 1. Odor Control Components

– Activated carbon
– Baking soda
– Special deodorizing polymers

### 2. Antibacterial Treatments

– Silver ions
– Chlorhexidine
– Natural antibacterial agents like tea tree oil

### 3. Comfort Enhancers

– Aloe vera coatings
– Vitamin E treatments
– Cooling gel components

## Material Safety and Regulatory Considerations

All sanitary pad raw materials must meet strict safety standards:

– FDA approval (in the United States)
– EU regulations for hygiene products
– Absence of harmful chemicals like dioxins
– Hypoallergenic testing
– Dermatological safety assessments

## Environmental Considerations in Material Selection

With growing environmental awareness, manufacturers are exploring:

– Biodegradable top sheets (e.g., bamboo fiber)
– Compostable back sheets
– Plant-based superabsorbent polymers
– Reduced plastic content
– Chlorine-free bleaching processes

## Future Trends in Sanitary Pad Materials

Emerging material technologies include:

– Nanofiber technology for better absorption
– Smart materials that change color for pH monitoring
– Fully biodegradable composite materials
– Antimicrobial fabrics that reduce infection risks
– Temperature-regulating materials for comfort

Understanding the composition and properties of sanitary pad raw materials helps consumers make informed choices and manufacturers develop better products. As technology advances, we can expect continued improvements in comfort, performance, and environmental sustainability of these essential hygiene products.