Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary pads are essential hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. Understanding the raw materials that go into their production is crucial for ensuring quality, comfort, and safety. This article delves into the composition and properties of the raw materials used in sanitary pads.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

The primary components of sanitary pads include the top sheet, absorbent core, back sheet, and adhesive. Each of these components is made from specific materials that contribute to the overall functionality of the pad.

### Top Sheet

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It is typically made from non-woven fabric or perforated film. The materials used must be soft, breathable, and quick-drying to ensure comfort and prevent irritation.

### Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the most critical part of the sanitary pad, responsible for absorbing and retaining menstrual fluid. It is usually composed of a blend of fluff pulp and superabsorbent polymers (SAP). Fluff pulp provides bulk and softness, while SAP enhances absorbency and retention.

### Back Sheet

The back sheet is the outermost layer of the sanitary pad, designed to prevent leakage. It is commonly made from polyethylene film, which is waterproof and flexible. Some back sheets may also include a breathable microporous film to enhance comfort.

### Adhesive

Adhesive is used to secure the sanitary pad in place. It is typically a pressure-sensitive adhesive applied to the back sheet. The adhesive must be strong enough to keep the pad in place but gentle enough to be removed without causing discomfort or leaving residue.

## Properties of Raw Materials

The raw materials used in sanitary pads must possess specific properties to ensure the product’s effectiveness and user comfort.

### Softness and Comfort

Materials used in the top sheet and absorbent core must be soft to prevent skin irritation. Non-woven fabrics and fluff pulp are chosen for their gentle texture.

### Absorbency and Retention

The absorbent core must have high absorbency and retention capabilities. Superabsorbent polymers are particularly effective in this regard, as they can absorb many times their weight in liquid.

### Leakage Prevention

The back sheet must be impermeable to liquids to prevent leakage. Polyethylene film is widely used for its excellent waterproof properties.

### Breathability

Breathability is essential to prevent discomfort and skin irritation. Microporous films and non-woven fabrics allow air to circulate, keeping the skin dry and comfortable.

### Adhesive Strength

The adhesive must provide a secure hold without causing discomfort. Pressure-sensitive adhesives are preferred for their balance of strength and ease of removal.

## Conclusion

The raw materials used in sanitary pads play a crucial role in determining the product’s quality, comfort, and effectiveness. By understanding the composition and properties of these materials, manufacturers can produce sanitary pads that meet the needs of users, ensuring both comfort and hygiene.