Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary pads are essential personal care products designed to provide comfort and hygiene during menstruation. Understanding the raw materials used in their production is crucial for both manufacturers and consumers. This article delves into the composition and properties of the raw materials commonly used in sanitary pads.

## 1. Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the heart of a sanitary pad, responsible for absorbing menstrual fluid. It is typically made from a combination of wood pulp and superabsorbent polymers (SAP).

### Wood Pulp

Wood pulp is a natural material derived from trees. It is highly absorbent and provides a soft, comfortable feel. The pulp is processed to remove impurities and then fluffed to increase its absorbency.

### Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP)

SAP are synthetic materials that can absorb and retain large amounts of liquid relative to their own mass. They are often used in conjunction with wood pulp to enhance the absorbency of the core. SAP can hold many times their weight in liquid, making them highly effective in managing menstrual flow.

## 2. Top Sheet

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It is designed to be soft, comfortable, and quick-drying.

### Nonwoven Fabric

Nonwoven fabrics are commonly used for the top sheet. These fabrics are made from synthetic fibers such as polypropylene or polyester, which are bonded together through mechanical, thermal, or chemical processes. Nonwoven fabrics are chosen for their softness, breathability, and ability to wick moisture away from the skin.

## 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet is the outermost layer of the sanitary pad, designed to prevent leakage and provide a barrier against moisture.

### Polyethylene Film

Polyethylene film is a common material used for the back sheet. It is a lightweight, flexible plastic that is impermeable to liquids, ensuring that menstrual fluid does not leak through the pad. The film is often treated to be breathable, allowing air to circulate and reducing the risk of skin irritation.

## 4. Adhesive

Adhesive is used to secure the sanitary pad in place within the underwear.

### Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive

Pressure-sensitive adhesives are typically used in sanitary pads. These adhesives are designed to stick firmly to fabric when pressure is applied, ensuring that the pad stays in place during use. They are also formulated to be easily removable, allowing for comfortable and clean removal of the pad.

## 5. Release Paper

Release paper is a protective layer that covers the adhesive before the pad is used.

### Silicone-Coated Paper

Silicone-coated paper is commonly used as release paper. The silicone coating prevents the adhesive from sticking to the paper, making it easy to peel off when the pad is ready to be used. The paper is also designed to be durable and resistant to tearing.

## Conclusion

The raw materials used in sanitary pads are carefully selected to provide optimal comfort, absorbency, and protection. From the absorbent core to the adhesive, each component plays a crucial role in ensuring the effectiveness of the product. Understanding the composition and properties of these materials can help consumers make informed choices and appreciate the technology behind this essential personal care item.